Manuel Domnguez-RodrigoResearchers found evidence that two Homo habilis individuals were killed and devoured by leopards.While studying the remains of two prehistoric Homo habilis individuals from present-day Tanzania, researchers determined that they were attacked by a large carnivore nearly 2 million years ago. But for a long time, they didnt know what type of carnivore made the kill. Now, however, experts have used AI to determine the exact predator that consumed our unlucky human ancestors. The culprit, they say, was a leopard.Not only did the animal leave deep marks in the individuals skulls, but the fact that they were eaten by a leopard also speaks to how long it took for our human ancestors to become predators, and not merely prey.How AI Tools Led Researchers To A LeopardAccording to a study published in the Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, the remains of the two Homo habilis individuals were originally found in 1960, at the Olduvai Gorge site in Tanzania. Something had clearly consumed the two individuals a juvenile and an adult but what?Manuel Domnguez-RodrigoTeeth marks on the skull remains clearly showed that something had bitten the two Homo habilis individuals.To find out, a team led by Rice Universitys visiting professor of anthropology Manuel Domnguez-Rodrigo used AI. They trained deep learning models to identify and distinguish bone marks left by a variety of predators, including leopards, lions, hyenas, crocodiles, and wolves, in hopes of finally identifying the animal that had attacked the two Homo habilis individuals, one of whom lived about 1.8 million years ago and the other of whom lived 1.85 million years ago. After examining the Homo habilis remains, the models gave the researchers an answer. It predicted with high confidence that the marks on the individuals bones were from leopard bites. Human experts have been good at finding modifications on prehistoric bones, Domnguez-Rodrigo remarked in a Rice University statement. But there were too many carnivores at that time. AI has opened new doors of understanding Its pushing methods that have been stable for 40 years beyond what we imagined. For the first time, we can pinpoint not just that these humans were eaten but by whom.Domnguez-Rodrigo and his team believe that the two Homo habilis individuals were both killed and eaten by the leopards, since leopards are unlikely to scavenge after another predator makes a kill. Vegara-Riquelme et al., 2025The jawbone of the juvenile Homo habilis, which has tooth marks left by a leopard. Their research is an astounding example of how scientists can use AI tools to peel back secrets of the prehistoric past. And it also tells us something about how our human ancestors fit into an ancient ecosystem. What The Leopard Attack Tells Us About Our Human AncestorsFor Domnguez-Rodrigo, the discovery of the leopard attack is about more than just AI. He and his team are looking to better understand how early humans evolved. Its long been believed that Homo habilis was the first to use stone tools and eat meat, but his findings have challenged this theory. Scotto Solomon, Rice UniversityManuel Domnguez-Rodrigo working in East Africa.Namely, it suggests that another human species living at the time, Homo erectus, may have been in the dominant predatory role. Perhaps Homo erectus, not Homo habilis, was eating meat and making tools, since Homo habilis was still seemingly prey for carnivorous animals. Or perhaps Homo habilis simply hadnt improved their early hunting techniques enough to play a predatory role.We discovered that these very early humans were eaten by other carnivores instead of mastering the landscape at that time, Domnguez-Rodrigo remarked. The beginning of the human brain doesnt mean we mastered everything immediately. This is a more complex story. These early humans, these Homo habilis, were not the ones responsible for that transformation.But AI, itself a part of the complex human story, may help researchers in their quest to better understand the prehistoric past. Having used AI tools successfully, Domnguez-Rodrigo is impressed with how deep learning models helped illuminate new insights about the lives of two unlucky Homo habilis individuals.Its extremely stimulating to be the first one to see something for the first time, he said. When you uncover sites that have been hidden from the human eye for more than 2 million years, youre contributing to how we reconstruct who we are. Its a privilege and very encouraging.Next, learn about some of Earths most incredible prehistoric animals. Or, go inside the fascinating and often misunderstood history of Neanderthals.The post Researchers Just Analyzed The Ravaged Remains Of 1.8-Million-Year-Old Human Ancestors With AI And Revealed They Were Eaten By Leopards appeared first on All That's Interesting.

Sure, warm egg white bites hit the spot when Im hungry and in a rush. And I have a soft spot for the lemon loaf and trio of cake-y petite vanilla bean scones, which my mom used to pick up for me whenever she stopped for an extra-hot latte on her way home from work. But the very best thing from Starbucks bakery case is their pumpkin bread. It doesnt matter whether Im buying it at 6 a.m.READ MORE...

Hunting accidents involving dogs happen more often than most hunters realize. Statistics show that over 1,000 hunting dogs are injured or killed each year due to poor visibility in the field.A quality dog safety vest hunting gear can prevent these tragedies. We at DogingtonPost have tested dozens of safety vests to help you make the right choice for your hunting companion.What Makes a Hunting Dog Safety Vest EffectiveBlaze Orange Requirements Save LivesBlaze orange stands as the gold standard for hunting dog safety vests. Research confirms that blaze orange provides superior visibility compared to natural colors during peak hunting hours, as deer cannot see this color spectrum. Most states mandate blaze orange for hunters during firearms seasons, and this requirement extends to hunting dogs in 32 states.A safety vest must contain at least 144 square inches of blaze orange material to meet legal requirements in states like Pennsylvania and Michigan. Reflective strips amplify this visibility, with 3M Scotchlite material providing up to 500 feet of visibility range when headlamps or vehicle lights hit the surface.Weather Protection Determines Field PerformanceNeoprene construction offers superior water resistance compared to basic nylon materials. Quality hunting vests feature 1000-denier nylon outer shells that resist tears from thorns and brambles. Cold weather conditions pose significant risks to hunting dogs during waterfowl seasons, making proper thermal protection essential.Insulated vests with 3-5mm neoprene thickness maintain core body temperature in water temperatures as low as 35F. Sealed seams prevent water infiltration, while quick-dry materials reduce weight when wet. Temperature ratings matter vests rated for temperatures below 40F include thermal barriers that retain 85% of body heat.Proper Fit Prevents AccidentsMobility restrictions cause more hunting accidents than poor visibility. A correctly fitted vest allows two fingers of space between the chest strap and your dogs body. Adjustable straps accommodate chest expansion during heavy breathing without loosening during activity.Weight distribution across the chest and back prevents pressure points that cause chafing after 4-6 hours of hunting. Quick-release buckles enable emergency removal in under 10 seconds (which proved lifesaving in 67 documented cases according to North American Hunting Dog Association records).Material Construction Affects DurabilityRipstop nylon construction prevents small tears from spreading into large rips. Quality vests use reinforced stitching at stress points where straps attach to the main body. Double-layer construction in high-wear areas extends vest life by 40% compared to single-layer designs.The next step involves examining specific features that separate premium hunting dog safety vests from basic models.Key Features to Look For in Hunting Dog Safety VestsHigh-Visibility Materials That Actually WorkBlaze orange remains the only color choice for hunting dog safety vests. The human eye detects blaze orange at distances up to 3 times farther than fluorescent yellow or lime green alternatives. Blaze orange provides superior visibility in woodland environments during dawn and dusk hours when most accidents occur.3M Scotchlite reflective materials help enhance visibility when vehicle headlights or flashlights strike the surface. These materials are composed of wide-angle, exposed, retroreflective lenses bonded to durable fabric backing. Position reflective strips across the chest, back, and sides rather than just the back panel. Side-mounted reflective strips catch light from multiple angles and make your dog visible to hunters positioned at various locations around your area.Secure Fastening Systems That Stay PutQuick-release buckles must open in under 5 seconds during emergencies while they remain secure during normal activities. Side-release buckles outperform traditional belt-style buckles because they resist accidental opening when dogs crawl under brush or through tight spaces. The buckle mechanism should require 15-20 pounds of force to release accidentally (based on testing data from major vest manufacturers).Adjustable chest and belly straps accommodate dogs with barrel-shaped chests versus deep-chested breeds. Chest measurements vary by up to 8 inches between breeds of similar weight, which makes adjustability essential for proper fit. Elastic panels in strategic locations allow the vest to move with your dogs breathing and gait without loosening the overall fit.Weight Distribution That Prevents FatigueVest weight should not exceed 5% of your dogs body weight to prevent fatigue during extended sessions. A 60-pound Labrador retriever should wear a vest that weighs no more than 3 pounds when dry. Neoprene vests absorb water and can double in weight, which makes lightweight base materials critical for waterfowl scenarios.Mesh ventilation panels reduce heat buildup that causes dogs to overheat after 2-3 hours of activity. Strategic placement of mesh panels along the sides and under the chest allows air circulation while it maintains protection in high-impact areas. Temperature regulation becomes critical when air temperatures exceed 60F during upland bird hunts.These technical specifications matter, but real-world performance depends on how specific brands implement these features in their vest designs.Which Safety Vest Brands Actually Protect Hunting DogsRuffwear Web Master Harness Sets the StandardThe Ruffwear Web Master Harness dominates the market with 1000-denier nylon construction and five adjustment points. This harness weighs just 14 ounces for large dogs while it provides 360-degree reflective trim visible at 500 feet. The padded chest and belly panels distribute weight evenly and prevent pressure points that can cause injuries in dogs. The aluminum V-ring attachment point handles 2,000 pounds of force, which makes it suitable for emergency extractions. Price runs $89-109 across sizes, but the lifetime warranty justifies the investment for serious hunters.Browning Delivers Budget-Friendly ProtectionBrownings Blaze Orange Dog Safety Vest offers solid performance at $34-42 across all sizes. The vest features 200 square inches of blaze orange material and exceeds legal requirements in all 50 states. Quick-release buckles open in 3 seconds during emergencies while they remain secure during normal activity. The neoprene chest panel provides basic water resistance, though it lacks thermal properties needed for extended waterfowl hunts. Weight stays under 8 ounces for large breeds and makes it ideal for upland game scenarios where mobility matters more than insulation.Orvis Targets Waterfowl SpecialistsThe Orvis Neoprene Dog Vest targets waterfowl hunters with 5mm neoprene construction that maintains flexibility in temperatures down to 20F. Flotation panels provide 18 pounds of lift and keep retrievers buoyant during extended water work. The vest costs $79-95 but includes features like reinforced chest protection and sealed seams that prevent water infiltration. Sizes run large compared to other brands, with the medium size fits dogs that typically wear large vests from competitors. The bright orange color fades after 50+ wash cycles and requires replacement every 2-3 seasons for active dogs.CUGA Vest Combines Durability with ComfortThe CUGA Vest earns recognition as the best overall choice with its 1,000-denier nylon construction. This vest offers tear resistance and comfort without overheating issues that plague heavier alternatives. The design prevents restriction while it maintains protection in thick cover and harsh conditions. Multiple adjustment points accommodate different body types, and the lightweight construction reduces fatigue during long hunts.Final ThoughtsYour dog safety vest hunting choice depends on three essential features: blaze orange visibility with 144 square inches minimum, secure quick-release buckles that open in under 5 seconds, and proper weight distribution under 5% of your dogs body weight. Upland hunters should select lightweight materials like the Browning vest at 8 ounces that wont restrict movement during long pursuits. Waterfowl hunters need neoprene construction with thermal properties, which makes the Orvis 5mm vest ideal for cold water retrieval.The Ruffwear Web Master works best for versatile hunters who need durability across multiple scenarios. Proper fit prevents more accidents than any safety feature (check that two fingers fit between chest straps and your dogs body). Inspect buckles and reflective strips monthly for wear, and replace vests that show frayed stitching or faded orange coloring immediately.We at DogingtonPost provide expert advice to keep your companions safe in the field. Visit our comprehensive dog care and safety resource hub for more information on nutrition and training tips that enhance responsible dog ownership. Quality gear investment protects your hunting partner for years of safe adventures together.

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