Historical Events1837 - Ralph Waldo Emerson gives his famous "The American Scholar" speech to Phi Beta Kappa Society at Harvard College, Cambridge, Massachusetts, declares American literary independence from Europe1843 - Liberty Party nominates James Birney as presidential candidate1900 - Brooklyn pitcher Brickyard Kennedy walks 6 straight Philadelphia Phillies in 2nd inning of the Superbas' 9-4 loss at Washington Park; Kennedy still achieves his 4th 20-win season1935 - Russian miner Aleksey Stachanov digs 102 tons of coal in under 6 hours, using a jackhammer1945 - The Liberal Party of Australia is founded by Robert MenziesMore Historical Events Famous Birthdays1920 - James Lanphier, American actor (Flight of Lost Balloon), born in Hempstead, New York (d. 1969)1929 - Julio Ramon Ribeyro, Peruvian writer, born in Lima, Peru (d. 1994)1931 - Jean Bliveau, Canadian Hockey Hall of Fame center (Hart Trophy 1956, 64; Art Ross Trophy 1956; Conn Smythe Trophy 1965; record 17 Stanley Cups), born in Trois-Rivieres Quebec (d. 2014)1970 - Rania Al-Abdullah, Queen consort of Jordan, born in Kuwait City1974 - Jeremy O'Day, American CFL offensive linebacker (Toronto Argonauts) and manager, born in Buffalo, New YorkMore Famous Birthdays Famous Deaths1590 - Floris Thin, Dutch politician and land advocate of Utrecht, dies1942 - Georg Von Bismarck, German major general, (Africa Corps), dies in Battle of Alam el Halfa at 511976 - Kornelis Heiko Miskotte, Dutch theologist (If the Gods Keep Silent), dies at 812009 - Maria de Lourdes Martins, Portuguese pianist and composer, dies at 832011 - Valery Rozhdestvensky, Soviet cosmonaut (Soyuz 23), dies at 72More Famous Deaths