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In June 1943, a wave of terrible violence rippled across Los Angeles. For a full week, white servicemen hunted and beat down young men wearing popular oversized clothing known as zoot suits. During the so-called Zoot Suit Riots, Los Angeles police did little to intervene, and only arrested those who fought back against their attackers.The riots were sparked, in part, by the suits themselves. Zoot suits were a popular fashion among young men of color at the time, but some white servicemen saw them as a waste of fabric during the war. To them, the loose-fitting zoot suits were practically treasonous.But the Zoot Suit Riots were about more than just fashion. The violence was also fueled by increasing tensions between the white community and the Mexican-American community in Los Angeles during a time when both groups competed for jobs and housing in the rapidly growing city.Click here to view slideshowFashion, War, And Racial Tensions: How The Zoot Suit Riots BeganZoot suits first emerged out of Harlem dance halls in the 1930s. Then, Smithsonian Magazine reports that dancers wore free-flowing clothing, tapered at the ankles, which captured their movements. Zoot suits, defined by their large shoulder pads, wide lapels, and high-waisted, baggy pants, soon spread across the rest of the country. They became popular among young men of color, including among young Mexican-American men in Los Angeles. Latino men in the city known as "pachucos" embraced the fashion, and were easily identifiable by their zoot suits and porkpie hats. For some white citizens, however, the pachucos were seen as gang members and street thugs. State Library and Archives of Florida/Wikimedia CommonsA man wearing a zoot suit in 1942. After emerging in Harlem dance halls, this fashion trend was adopted across the country.Indeed, tensions between the two groups had been growing. In the first half of the 20th century, both Mexicans and white Americans poured into Los Angeles seeking better employment opportunities. They competed for jobs and housing, and the city struggled to keep up with its growing population. And when World War II began, the tensions between these two groups intensified. Many white servicemen viewed zoot suits as a waste of fabric during a time of wartime rationing, and erroneously believed that the pachucos wearing them in Los Angeles were draft dodgers. (In fact, many of the pachucos were far too young to be drafted.) Numerous clashes occurred between white servicemen and Mexican-Americans in Los Angeles throughout 1943, but things took a dangerous turn on May 31. On that day, according to the National World War II Museum, a group of white servicemen and a group of Mexican-American teenagers wearing zoot suits clashed in the Chinatown neighborhood, and one white serviceman was badly beaten. In the aftermath, the white servicemen vowed revenge. And a few days later, the Zoot Suit riots began. How The Zoot Suit Riots Unfolded Across Los AngelesOn June 3, 1943, a group of about 50 sailors marched through Los Angeles. Carrying clubs and other weapons, they searched for anyone wearing zoot suits and then attacked. The servicemen beat their victims then tore off their zoot suits. Meanwhile, the Los Angeles police stood by did nothing, though they arrested many of the Mexican-American victims for "disturbing the peace."Library of CongressA young man wearing a zoot suit, who was one of the 600 men arrested during the Zoot Suit Riots.The so-called Zoot Suit Riots spread over the following week, as white servicemen joined by white civilians poured into downtown Los Angeles. They attacked Mexican-Americans (whether or not they were wearing a zoot suit) and even charged into cafes and movie theaters to find their victims. Taxi drivers gave servicemen free rides across the city, and local newspapers applauded the beatings, approvingly describing the club-wielding white servicemen as a "vengeance squad."But others saw the Zoot Suit Riots for what they were: a "mass lynching.""Thousands of Angelenos turned out for a mass lynching," journalist Carey McWilliams reported of the Zoot Suit Riots. He described how a mob of "several thousand soldiers, sailors, and civilians" stopped streetcars, pulled young men of color out of their seats, and beat them "with sadistic frenzy." The mob, McWilliams wrote, was looking for "every zoot-suiter they could find."Indeed, as McWilliams noted, the Zoot Suit Riot was no longer constrained to just Mexican-Americans. The mob attacked any man of color, whether or not he was wearing a zoot suit, and in one of the worst moments of the riot, they gouged out the eye of a Black defense plant worker.The End Of The Violent Racially Charged RiotsAfter a week of terrible violence, the Zoot Suit riots finally came to an end on June 8, 1943. Then, the Southern Sector of the Western Defense Command forbid soldiers, sailors, and Marines from entering Los Angeles. The Los Angeles City Council also banned the wearing of zoot suits. But an investigation into the Zoot Suit riots admitted that they had been fueled by "racial prejudice," and First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt remarked that "race problems" were growing in the country that needed to be faced. That said, it took 80 years for the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors to formally condemn the Zoot Suit Riots. As for the zoot suits themselves? Like any trend, they ultimately went out of fashion. Indeed, Smithsonian Magazine reports that zoot suits are incredibly difficult to find today, and it took the Los Angeles County Museum of Art a decade of searching and $80,000 to acquire one of its collection.LACMAA zoot suit acquired by the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.But the memory of the Zoot Suit Riots should not be forgotten.For a full week in 1943, the mere sight of a zoot suit inspired terrible violence across the city of Los Angeles. The riots were about more than fashion, after all they were fueled by racism, war, and prejudice.After reading about the Zoot Suit Riots of 1943, see how the Stonewall Riots in 1969 changed gay rights in the United States. Or, go inside the strange story of the 1826 Eggnog Riot that broke out at West Point.The post The Zoot Suit Riots: When White Servicemen Attacked Young Men Of Color Across Los Angeles During World War II appeared first on All That's Interesting.

The morning of July 9, 1993, started out as a normal one for Garry Hoy, a 38-year-old lawyer with the law firm Holden Day Wilson in Toronto. As he usually did, Hoy reported for work that morning at the Toronto-Dominion Bank Tower building in downtown Toronto, and made his way to his offices on the 24th floor. But every hour Hoy was in the office building brought him closer to his death, one of the most bizarre in recent memory.A structural engineering buff as well as a lawyer, Hoy had long been fascinated by the physical strength of modern architecture. He was especially impressed with the fortitude of his office windows, and had developed an office party trick in which he hurled his full weight against the glass, just to prove how strong they were.Wikimedia CommonsThe Toronto-Dominion Centre, the former home of law firm Holden Day Wilson, and the place where Garry Hoy died.When a group of prospective legal apprentices passed through the office that day, Garry Hoy saw the perfect opportunity to demonstrate his trick. He had done it countless times before, and had no reason to worry that it wouldnt work. The glass had always held; he was sure it would hold again.But as it sadly turned out, he should not have been so confident.Who Was Garry Hoy?Given the strange circumstances of Garry Hoys death, and the fact that he was later awarded a Darwin Award, one might initially get the impression that he was inebriated, stupid, or suicidal. But Hoy was none of those things.In fact, Hoy was a successful and respected corporate and securities lawyer at the Toronto-based law firm Holden Day Wilson. Not only was Hoy a partner at the firm, but managing partner Peter Lauwers described him as one of the best and brightest lawyers at the company, which employed about 200 people and had offices in the Toronto-Dominion Bank Tower. paul (dex) bica/FlickrGarry Hoy worked on the 24th story of the Toronto-Dominion Bank Tower building, from which he would sadly plummet to his death.Not only did Hoy have a law degree, but he also reportedly had an engineering degree. Though hed become a lawyer, he remained interested in engineering, and was fascinated with the strength of modern building.Sadly, this interest in engineering would lead to Garry Hoys death on the 24th floor of the Toronto-Dominion Bank Tower building in July 1993. The story of the lawyers surprising death has been scrutinized online (and even fact-checked by Snopes) but what happened is surprisingly straightforward. A Tragic And Surprising Death By MisadventureTheres a word for throwing someone out of a window: defenestration, a term most famously used in the 1618 Defenestration of Prague. But though accidental self-defenestration is far more unusual, thats exactly what happened to Garry Hoy on July 9, 1993.On that fateful day, a reception was held for law students interested in apprenticeships at Holden Day Wilson. Garry Hoy was giving a tour of the offices and decided to demonstrate his favorite party trick: throwing himself against the windows of the Toronto-Dominion Bank Tower so the students could see just how resilient the glass was.Hoy had performed the stunt to audiences before. As well as demonstrating the strength of the windows, it was clear that he enjoyed the performance. But on that day, Hoys stunt went terribly wrong. Toronto Star ArchivesAn article about Garry Hoys death by misadventure.At first, it went according to plan. Hoy body-slammed the window in front of the law students, and the window held, as it always had before. But then Hoy threw himself at the window a second time. In a split second, the mood in the room turned from amusement to horror.Instead of bouncing off the window as he had the first time, Hoy went straight through the window as the glass popped out of its frame. He plunged 24 stories down and was killed instantly. It quickly became clear to police who arrived on the scene that Garry Hoys death was the result of a tragic freak accident. Indeed, it was ultimately listed as death by misadventure.[Hoy] was showing his knowledge of the tensile strength of window glass and presumably the glass gave way, said one Toronto police officer. I know the frame and the blinds are still there.But though Garry Hoys death was an unexpected and horrific tragedy, it was entirely preventable. Speaking to the Toronto Star, structural engineer Bob Greer remarked: I dont know of any building code in the world that would allow a 160-pound man to run up against a glass and withstand it.Garry Hoys LegacyGarry Hoys freakish death earned him a lasting reputation. His online presence includes both a Wikipedia entry and a host of Reddit threads (Oh Garry Hoy. Still one of the weirdest Toronto stories that people think is a myth, reads one). His death was also lampooned in the 2006 film The Darwin Awards starring Joseph Fiennes and Winona Ryder, featured in the television show 1,000 Ways to Die, and was explored in the second-ever episode of the beloved Discovery Channel series Mythbusters.Alessandro Nivolas Ad Exec accidentally bursts out of an office tower window in The Darwin Awards.Hoys tragic death also possibly sealed the fate of his law firm, Holden Day Wilson. In the course of three years, there was a mass exodus from the firm: more than 30 lawyers left after the trauma of losing one of their own. In 1996, Holden Day Wilson officially closed due to issues surrounding unpaid bills and compensation. At the time, it was perhaps the most infamous law firm failure in Canadian history.But while Hoys death is often made light of due to its bizarre circumstances, it does not change the fact that a man lost his life. Whats even more gut-wrenching is that his death was entirely avoidable.[Hoy] was a superb lawyer and one of the most personable people you could ever meet, Hugh Kelly, one of Hoys co-workers, told the Toronto Star after his death. Hell be sorely missed.Kelly was echoed by Lauwers, who stated: His death has just crushed his family, co-workers, and friends. Garry was a bright light with the firm, a generous person who cared about others.After learning about the leaping lawyer Garry Hoy, read just how much it took to kill Russian mystic Grigori Rasputin. Then check out the 16 most unusual deaths from history, from the man who tripped on his own beard to the Swedish king who ate himself to death.The post Garry Hoy, The Toronto Lawyer Who Accidentally Fell To His Death While Trying To Demonstrate The Strength Of His Office Windows appeared first on All That's Interesting.

My love for farming simulators started when I was first able to hold a Game Boy Color. Back then, Harvest Moon was still the cool kid on the block. Nowadays, Stardew Valley runs this genre.