7. Caste-Based Untouchability Rituals

For centuries, rigid caste-based rituals in India enforced the exclusion and mistreatment of so-called ‘untouchables’, often justified by religious doctrine. These practices dictated every aspect of social interaction, stripping millions of dignity and opportunity. With the adoption of the Indian constitution in 1950, untouchability was officially banned, marking a pivotal step toward equality and social justice.
Yet, the legacy of these rituals continues to challenge modern India’s quest for true inclusivity. Read more